International English
One of my favorite columnists, Annalee Newitz, recently wrote about how the English language is changing through the influence of international communication: "The Queen's English is Dead". As often as I have experienced monolingual English speakers happily, but erroneously thinking that everyone speaks "their" language without realizing how much other people may be struggling to understand them, I appreciate an article like this very much. However, it is only one of many, many sides to a much more complex story.
As the city of Linz prepares for Linz09 – European Capital of Culture, when all the attention of Europe and some of the attention of the whole world will purportedly be focused on this city, we have to be prepared to be "international". From my perspective, it seems that "international" = English. Consequently, everything – every press release, every web site, every publication of any kind – has to be published simultaneously in German and English. That means everything – even if it is a short announcement about a small discussion that will be held in German – has to be translated from German into English. For me, as a translator based in Linz, this is rapidly turning into a problem. However, I'm not sure that this problem is simply a further consequence of Linz09. Faced with a looming deadline and too many texts not yet translated for an exhibition publication (an exhibition not in Linz), the editor and I both tried to contact other translators to find someone who could jump in and help us finish on time. But every translator that either of us contacted already has so much work that they couldn't even think about taking on any more. I have had too much work for years, every translator I know has too much work: What's wrong with this picture?
Annalee Newitz talks about the use of English as a "communication tool", which is a widespread and relatively satisfactory practice. This tool enables people who have no other language in common to communicate with one another at least to some extent, as long as all the parties involved understand that there is more behind the ideas being communicated than can be expressed with this tool. The point here, however, is that communication is actually taking place, and communication presupposes people who have something to say to one another and want a response. A one-sided broadcast is not communication. Maybe I'm missing something, since this growing compulsion to be "international" seems to be so widely taken for granted, but looking at some of the things I translate, I really have no idea who is supposed to be communicating with whom. And sometimes it does get a bit frustrating to feel that I am working so hard to produce pages and pages (or screenfuls and screenfuls) of words that no one will ever bother to look at.
Sometimes I have to "steal time" away from translations to turn my attention to something else – like writing blog posts, for instance, or fiddling with the Drupal web site I have been working on for Lottie Child's Street Training project. Between my lack of time and my lack of Drupal experience, I'm not getting anywhere fast, but so far I have spent most of my time fiddling with the i18n internationalization package, slowly going back and forth and back and forth to make sure that switching languages works with the two we have now and that other languages can be added later. There are very good reasons for why this needs to work. Assuming I will ever be able to get it finished, the purpose of this web site will not be simply to present Lottie's work. I think there are more efficient and effective ways of doing that. The purpose of this site is to be a kind of collection point for people in various different places, who have taken part in Street Training with Lottie and want to continue now on their own with the groups that have formed along the way. The web site is to be a "place" for these groups to collect and share and develop and reflect on their experiences. Before Lottie came to Linz to work with Kunstraum Goethestrasse in conjunction with the "City of Respect" idea, a number of the people who were invited to participate felt quite daunted by the prospect of working with an English-speaking artist and were hesitant about joining in for that reason. Working here in person, Lottie was very good at creating an atmosphere of exchange and sharing that was not hindered by language problems, so expanding that now to facilitate further exchange and reflection among different groups that speak different languages in different ways has to allow for different kinds of input that the people involved feel comfortable with.
This is not just a straightforward, one-to-one translation like the kind of PR translations that are currently taking up more and more of my time. Sometimes I look at these texts and I am reminded of the way I had to say everything twice, when my sons were younger and most of their friends who came to our house were from the neighborhood primary school. The kids from the neighborhood didn't understand English, so I had to say everything in German, but my sons have always assumed that anything I say in German doesn't apply to them, so I had to say it again in English. Often the actual content of the message didn't really seem to warrant that many words ("Who wants apple slices and raisins?" or "Put your shoes on so we can go to the library."), but communicating the message to the relevant recipients did. I'm not sure who the recipients of this current obsession with "internationalization" are supposed to be. Do they even exist? Does anyone anywhere actually read press releases and announcements in any language?
- Aileen Derieg's blog
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RE: International English
Hi Aileen,
As an American currently living in the UK and just finished some extensive traveling in both South Africa and China before coming here, the English language is something I find myself thinking about a lot. Just a few random thoughts…
Even here in the UK there are moments where I don’t understand what’s going on despite speaking the same language. Either because of dialect and accent or terms that are unfamiliar (ie: standing in the grocery store trying to figure out what the difference between bio and non-bio laundry detergent is and it’s almost the opposite of what I thought). Then there is also the case of spelling (color/ colour) which I began thinking about also in terms of programming languages and for instance if there would ever be a British actionscript and American actionscript.
English is something that was bizarrely fascinating to me in China as well, particularly with the preparation for the Olympics in Beijing. There are the commercials on TV teaching you a word of the day. (“Multicultural!... Beijing is a Multicultural city!”) On the Olympic website you can also learn a phrase a day (“Which way to the men’s 1500 meter?”) Which I find so bizarre to learn because why would you ever use that again and would you be able to understand someone’s response?
Additionally there is the use of English more as a visual than as anything to communicate. (Arguably you can say the same about the trendiness of people getting tattoos or t-shirts of the Chinese characters for peace, love, and happiness.) This became the most amusing to me on the backs of pirated DVDs for sale where often text was taken just to look like a DVD cover but no one was paying attention what the text actually said. So often descriptions from the wrong movie were taken, or movie reviews that weren’t necessarily positive put there to make you want to buy it.
Putting everything into English is something that seems to become the norm, but for what reason? As artists it’s interesting to find ways of communicating that don’t involve speaking at all but other ways of communicating.
Just a few random bits…
p.s. One of my favorites in China was the tag from a coat I bought which said to wash in pure gasoline if dirty.
Understanding and misunderstanding and ...
Hi Rachel Beth,
I hope you followed the washing instructions for your coat very carefully - you wouldn't want to have to answer for damage due to carelessness! Are you familiar with the site Engrish.com? Apart from the sheer entertainment value of it, I like the underlying principle. It is not intended to make fun of difficulties with English, but actually to raise questions about how we use language and symbols. The most obvious example is the use of Chinese symbols as decorations without really understanding what they mean.
In the course I teach at the Art University here ("Presentation Techniques and Communication Strategies in English for Industrial Design"), one of my students recently provided an exellent demonstration of how complicated it can become to explain a relatively simple idea: to demonstrate why his idea for a fly trap invention could be important, he tried to show the disadvantages of other systems, such as using a fly swatter near a table during a meal. Since he had no idea what a fly swatter might be called in English, he tried looking it up in online dictionaries, but none of them recognized the dialect word from his everyday vocabulary as German. He had to look for another Austria-German dictionary to find an equivalent word that the German-English dictionary would recognize. To do so, he had to figure out how a word normally only used in spoken language might possibly be spelled. By the time he had finally found a word that he thought might plausibly mean "fly swatter", there was no way he could face starting the whole process again to explain the possible problem of using a fly swatter around glasses on a table, so he decided to exaggerate a bit and describe the glasses as "shaking in fear". He managed to communicate his idea, which was the whole point of his exercise, but it was certainly more entertaining than "correct".
Although I grew up in the US, on my rare and brief visits to the US now I find that after 30 years in Austria, there is much that I find confusing, if not thoroughly incomprehensible. Language needs a lived context, I suspect.
In that respect, Les - who responded to my post via Twitter - is probably right that Esperanto makes more sense for international communication, since it is without all the bagage that comes with a language of everyday life.
By the way, Les has also written a wonderful blog post about being a foreigner: Try This

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